{"id":29729,"date":"2025-05-25T07:44:34","date_gmt":"2025-05-25T04:44:34","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/igp.org.ua\/?p=29729"},"modified":"2025-06-10T11:53:43","modified_gmt":"2025-06-10T08:53:43","slug":"ryativni-kola-dlya-postrazhdalo%d1%97-vid-vijni-ekologi%d1%97","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/igp.org.ua\/en\/publikacii\/ryativni-kola-dlya-postrazhdalo%d1%97-vid-vijni-ekologi%d1%97\/","title":{"rendered":"Lifelines for War-Torn Ecology"},"content":{"rendered":"

Based on the materials of the speech at the roundtable of the Institute of Global Politics
\n\u201cEnvironmental Security and the Consequences of War: Challenges, Threats and Ways to Overcome Them\u201d<\/em><\/p>\n

Lifelines for War-Torn Ecology<\/h1>\n

Environmental problems in Ukraine existed even before the start of the Russian-Ukrainian war. And during the large-scale, long-term fighting, they increased significantly. And today it is no longer enough to simply record environmental degradation. It is necessary to actively take preventive measures not only to save the natural resources that the Ukrainian population should use, but also to make them safe to guarantee the proper health of each of our citizens. For example, the Chornobyl contamination of the land area that Ukraine inherited after the nuclear power plant accident reached 7.5 million square kilometers, and after three decades of independence, our country has the worst percentage of reforestation in Europe \u2013 15 %, not to mention the devastating commercial deforestation, which will certainly worsen our environment.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>Another serious problem that attracts attention is the use of mines. This is the case when one useful activity \u2013 mining \u2013 gives rise to another, but much worse, because it causes environmental damage. According to some estimates, over the course of a hundred years of economic development in the Donbas, two thousand mines have appeared there, but, for various reasons, are no longer in use. Of course, the mines are left to their own devices, and no necessary measures are taken to bring them into some kind of order, which is why self-pollution of the territories is observed. If we describe the situation in one sentence, the Donbass sees a critical situation, when not only the surface layers of the soil are completely destroyed, not only the environment deteriorated, not only the planting of useful crops was stopped, but also huge problems appeared with the healthy lifestyle of the local population, with the 6 million people who lived there and still live there. During the war, the situation there, of course, could not improve. Because of the fighting, the towns and villages were devastated there to the point where it could be called genocide, and the damage to the environment there is at least $100 billion.<\/p>\n

If we discuss the topic of environmental damage based on specific facts, we should pay attention to the national parks that have long existed in the areas occupied by Russian troops. According to the data provided, 2\/3 of those national parks, including the world-famous Askania Nova, have been virtually destroyed. And this is in addition to the destruction of settlements and the accumulation of hundreds of thousands of tons of various wastes. At least 60 % of the treatment facilities that provide the population with quality water or purify used water are now destroyed as a result of the hostilities.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>An eloquent example of environmental neglect is the destruction by Russians of the Kakhovka reservoir, one of the most powerful reservoirs, which had accumulated 18 cubic kilometers of water, and now has barely 3 cubic kilometers left. When examining a dehydrated area, it is difficult to make any specific decision about its further use. For example, the suburban coastal area and 500 thousand hectares of arable land are no longer irrigated. Before the war, those areas used to harvest 3 to 4 million tons of grain. This is a lot. Today, those lands are practically saline, destroyed, without trees and crop production. Scientists are calling for a clear study of the problem together with the state to determine the future development of those territories. For example, together with experts from the National Academy of Sciences, we studied the level of such pollution and used unmanned aerial vehicles to assess the radiation situation at the reservoir. Without focusing on the numbers, I would like to point out that in the reservoir, in those places that we could reach (taking into account the line of combat contact), we recorded an increase of 4-5 background indicators. And that is thorium and radium contamination. Not with cesium or strontium, as in the past, of Chornobyl origin, this is a completely different contamination. This is also related to the issue of the uranium legacy, as it is called. This is the topic of yellow water.<\/p>\n

In this regard, please, be reminded that the first uranium mines were in that area back in 1946 (Michurinske deposit, etc.), where the main uranium concentrate, yellowcake, was mined and processed for almost the entire Soviet Union. And the waste from that production, 36 million tons of bulk waste, is located directly next to the Dnipro River, 50-100-600 meters from the water\u2019s edge. Various protective systems were used there… I believe that this topic is one of the most critical today, and it will definitely draw attention after the war.<\/p>\n

And so will the issue of mining, which also significantly pollutes the environment.<\/h3>\n

There is a figure: 174 thousand square kilometers. It cannot be considered final, because there is no clear confirmation of this figure. This figure can fluctuate in both directions, from less to more, because both demining and re-mining are taking place. And what about these territories from the environmental point of view, that is, humanitarian demining? After all, our land areas are of different categories, and each requires demining of a specific type. That is, the requirements for the soils of the nature reserve fund are one, for agricultural land the requirements should be completely different, as well as for forest crops. Therefore, it is impossible to do without training of environmental standardization specialists, without familiarizing them with the environmental requirements for the IMAS system. In other words, international demining standards on issues that are relevant to these urgent problems. By the way, in addition to the aforementioned demining and in addition to the still mined areas, there are contact points, ground zero, military facilities, and incineration.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>When discussing important environmental issues, one cannot ignore the topic of air pollution. According to some reports, the amount of CO2 emissions alone has exceeded the established norms at least 50-100 thousand times in the last two years, according to certain indicators. The question is: how does intense air pollution occur? The main losses, as I mentioned above, are 100 billion for environmental facilities, as calculated by the environmental inspection. If we take into account the methodologies approved in 2022 and 2023 for water, its pollution, damage to land, air, and the nature reserve fund, this amount of damage is enormous! Can we even imagine now how the territories and Red Book plants and animals should be restored? It is practically impossible. Frankly speaking, we are losing our national wealth today.<\/p>\n

And how can we restore the above-mentioned territories? If there are any houses in the destroyed settlements, in Kharkiv region or in the Donbas, they are practically uninhabitable. It is necessary to build again, to carry out strategic studies and assessments for the development of territories.<\/p>\n

To do this, we need to:<\/h3>\n

Firstly<\/strong>, we need to develop a national program for the environmental restoration of Ukraine. This should be carried out by the main specialized ministries: The Ministry of Environmental Protection and Natural Resources, the Ministry of Defense, the Ministry of Agrarian Policy, the State Agency of Water Resources, etc. The program should be cross-cutting, taking into account the principles of the green economy, the principles of new construction, and ecological urban development. In other words, it should be completely different from the current construction of Ukraine\u2019s landscape structure;<\/p>\n

Secondly<\/strong>, to carry out demining and develop environmental standards. Nothing will grow on the demined area for tens or even hundreds of years. Therefore, it is necessary to create a powerful laboratory like our environmental inspection, where various important samples will be studied. It should be a powerful, comprehensive, systematic, ISO\/17025-accredited laboratory. We need to involve our foreign colleagues, who are also interested in restoring our agricultural land, in obtaining the appropriate quality of crops, and in ensuring appropriate security on the Black Sea, in a joint determination of the position.<\/p>\n

Without exception, all of the issues raised are urgent and extremely important. They cannot be put off \u201cfor later\u201d, as the slightest delay in the fight for the environment will make itself felt in the near future. And not in a good way.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Oleksandr Bondar,
\n<\/strong>Rector of the State Ecological Academy of Postgraduate Education
\nand Management, Doctor of Biological Sciences, Professor,
\nAcademician of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine,
\nHonored Worker of Science and Technology of Ukraine<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Based on the materials of the speech at the roundtable of the Institute of Global Politics
\nOleksandr Bondar<\/p>\n

They cannot be put off \u201cfor later\u201d, as the slightest delay in the fight for the environment will make itself felt in the near future<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":8,"featured_media":29730,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_crdt_document":"","ngg_post_thumbnail":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[261,260,264],"tags":[282,288],"class_list":["post-29729","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-analitika","category-publikacii","category-treningi-seminary","tag-bondar","tag-kruglij-stil","wp-image-borders"],"translation":{"provider":"WPGlobus","version":"3.0.2","language":"en","enabled_languages":["uk","en","ru","fr","ar"],"languages":{"uk":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":true},"en":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":true},"ru":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":true},"fr":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false},"ar":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false}}},"gutentor_comment":0,"yoast_head":"\nLifelines for War-Torn Ecology - 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