{"id":32467,"date":"2025-12-24T00:01:32","date_gmt":"2025-12-23T21:01:32","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/igp.org.ua\/?p=32467"},"modified":"2025-12-26T11:32:14","modified_gmt":"2025-12-26T08:32:14","slug":"zagadka-krivavogo-bezumstva-stalinizaciya-chastina-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/igp.org.ua\/en\/publikacii\/zagadka-krivavogo-bezumstva-stalinizaciya-chastina-2\/","title":{"rendered":"THE MYSTERY OF BLOODY MADNEZZ: Stalinization. Part 2"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"a______ tm6\" style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong><span class=\"tm7\">A. Savarets, V. Shevchenko<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<h1 class=\"tm8\" style=\"text-align: left;\"><span class=\"tm9\">THE MYSTERY OF BLOODY MADNEZZ: Stalinization<\/span><\/h1>\n<p class=\"a______ tm6\" style=\"text-align: left;\"><em><span class=\"tm10\">Dedicated to Oleksandr Fedorovych Belov, researcher of Stalinism<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>Part 2<\/strong><\/p>\n<h3 class=\"tm5\" style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong><span class=\"tm6\">Digital and Conventional GULag<\/span><\/strong><\/h3>\n<p class=\"a______ tm7\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span class=\"tm8\">Today, the FSB seeks to control everything related to politics, economics, and business. No authority in Russia is capable of limiting its activities \u2013 neither the government, nor the courts, nor parliament.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"a______ tm7\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span class=\"tm8\">According to a study by sociologist Olga Kryshanovskaya, analyzed by Oleg Shein, the share of \u201csiloviki\u201d in the USSR\u2019s government bodies was no more than 5 %. During the Boris Yeltsin era, the share of representatives of security forces in power grew to 46 %. Under Putin, it rose to 67 %.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"a______ tm7\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span class=\"tm8\">Against the background of constant arrests of governors, deputy ministers, military personnel, propagandists, and \u201cordinary mortals\u201d, there is not a single criminal case against even a rank-and-file FSB officer.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"a______ tm7\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span class=\"tm8\">A telling case is that of Sergei Beseda, head of the FSB\u2019s 5<\/span><sup><span class=\"tm8\">th<\/span><\/sup><span class=\"tm8\"> Service, who was responsible for the \u201cfifth column\u201d in Ukraine during the invasion. Formally, he was \u201csent\u201d to Lefortovo, but then quietly released and even returned to his workplace.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"a______ tm7\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span class=\"tm8\">The historical background is important here. In 1996, at the request of the Council of Europe, a number of restrictions were imposed on the FSB, including those relating to the detention of prisoners and the management of prison infrastructure.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"a______ tm7\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span class=\"tm8\">In 2005, Putin took the last such prisons, Lefortovo included, away from the FSB and transferred them to the Ministry of Justice (de facto, Lefortovo remained under the jurisdiction of the FSB).<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"a______ tm7\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span class=\"tm8\">Now that Russia has severed ties with the Council of Europe and denounced a number of conventions (including the one prohibiting torture), it is no longer formally bound by these restrictions.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"a______ tm7\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span class=\"tm8\">On January 1, 2026, a law will come into force which will remove those restrictions and return full control of prisons to special services, in particular the FSB:<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"a______ tm7\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span class=\"tm8\">&#8211; it will regain all the pretrial detention centers that were previously under its control and will be able to exclusively hold prisoners there;<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"a______ tm7\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span class=\"tm8\">&#8211; regains the right to escort prisoners;<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"a______ tm7\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span class=\"tm8\">&#8211; obtains the right to \u201censure security\u201d in detention and \u201cpunish\u201d those who violate the rules, i.e., to effectively establish and enforce its own prison rules;<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"a______ tm7\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span class=\"tm8\">&#8211; obtains the right to independently \u201ctreat\u201d detainees in case of their \u201cdisease\u201d \u2013 without transferring them to civilian doctors or even FSIN doctors.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"a______ tm7\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span class=\"tm8\">At the same time, the FSB is placing a significant category of prisoners under its own control, outside the normal prison system. This primarily concerns individuals accused of crimes against the state: treason (the increase in such cases was the formal justification for the draft law), espionage, terrorism, sabotage, and other \u201cpolitical\u201d offenses.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"a______ tm7\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span class=\"tm8\">The plan is to completely isolate these individuals from the rest of the prison population and keep them under the FSB\u2019s absolute control.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"a______ tm7\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span class=\"tm8\">At the same time, the Federal Penitentiary Service is being downsized \u2013 in 2025 alone, 19 colonies were closed in Russia, and over the past 3.5 years, a total of almost 90 colonies and pretrial detention centers have been shut down. At the same time, the number of people in pretrial detention centers is growing. In other words, there is a rebalancing of punishment: more and more people are \u201cstuck\u201d in pretrial detention centers, where control is concentrated in the hands of the FSB, without being transferred to the FSIN system.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"a______ tm7\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span class=\"tm8\">In fact, a \u201cprison state within a state\u201d is being created \u2013 neither the Ministry of Justice, nor the Federal Penitentiary Service, nor public monitoring commissions will be able to enter without the permission of the FSB itself.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"a______ tm7\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span class=\"tm8\">Historically, departmental prisons of the state security agencies in Russia appeared during the period of mass repression in the 1930s and were closed en masse after Stalin\u2019s death. Now the pendulum is swinging back \u2013 the FSB is once again getting its own penitentiary system, uncontrolled by anyone.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"a______ tm7\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span class=\"tm8\">According to lawyer Yevgeny Smirnov, the FSB controls the entire Russian internet and all communications \u2013 FSB employees read any email on Yandex directly from their computers. According to him, in 2013, the FSB gained access to all SMS messages dating back to 2008.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"a______ tm7\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span class=\"tm8\">Through the SORM system, the special service intercepts all of the country\u2019s internet traffic: phone calls, messages, Telegram chats, cloud data, and Yandex and Mail.ru archives.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"a______ tm7\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span class=\"tm8\">At the border, citizens\u2019 devices can be hacked right on the spot \u2013 during a \u201cconversation\u201d with an FSB investigator.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"a______ tm7\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span class=\"tm8\">Not only likes and reposts can be grounds for prosecution \u2013 search queries can too. Anyone who shows interest in &#8220;\u201dextremist materials\u201d can end up in an FSB detention center.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"a______ tm7\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span class=\"tm8\">The FSB will also gain access to correspondence, voice and video recordings from banking applications. Special services have obliged Russian banks to implement SORM systems by 2027, which will store all personal data and subsequently transfer it to the authorities.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"a______ tm7\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span class=\"tm8\">The FSB has gained complete political control: it appoints and supervises every representative of the executive branch, from ministers to governors, and all judges in Russia are vetted by the FSB.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"a______ tm7\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span class=\"tm8\">FSB agents and seconded employees infiltrate companies, influence management decisions, control financial flows, and use their official powers for corrupt operations.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"a______ tm7\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span class=\"tm8\">Today in Russia, two to three sentences for \u201ctreason\u201d are handed down every day, and the number of such cases is growing every month. At this, most cases are classified, their consideration takes place in closed proceedings, and the judges hearing the cases are, of course, completely dependent on special services.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"a______ tm7\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span class=\"tm8\">The list of punishable acts has also expanded \u2013 on September 1, 2025, a new package of prohibitions and restrictions came into force in Russia:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify; line-height: 15px;\">\n<li class=\"a______ tm7\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span class=\"tm8\">\u2022 Ban on advertising on Instagram and Facebook, which are recognized as \u201cextremist\u201d \u2013 a fine of up to 2,500 rubles.<\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"a______ tm7\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span class=\"tm8\">\u2022 Fines for searching for extremist materials \u2013 up to 5,000 rubles. The registry contains over 5,500 items and is regularly updated.<\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"a______ tm7\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span class=\"tm8\">\u2022 Ban on advertising VPN services \u2013 fines of 50,000\u201380,000 rubles for individuals and 200,000\u2013500,000 rubles for legal entities. In fact, the authorities are banning tools that circumvent their own censorship.<\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"a______ tm7\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span class=\"tm8\">\u2022 Ban on any educational and pedagogical activities for \u201cforeign agents\u201d. Previously, the restriction only applied to work with minors.<\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"a______ tm7\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span class=\"tm8\">\u2022 Mandatory pre-installation of the MAX messenger on all smartphones and gadgets sold. This \u201cnational messenger\u201d is integrated into the digital surveillance system and helps law enforcement agencies track searches for \u201cextremist materials\u201d. Also, starting September 1, sellers are required to pre-install RuStore on iPhones, effectively \u201cRussifying\u201d Apple devices manually.<\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"a______ tm7\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span class=\"tm8\">\u2022 Total FSB\u2019s control over the international cooperation of Russian scientists. Scientific institutions are required to enter all plans for international cooperation into a single database and obtain prior approval from special services.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p class=\"a______ tm7\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span class=\"tm8\">It was the so-called SVO that became the catalyst for the strengthening of total control. The FSB now completely controls the civilian sphere, the security forces, business, and, after the defeat of the Shoigu clan, the military hierarchy, domestic policy, and the elites.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2 class=\"tm5\"><strong><span class=\"tm6\">5. The Cult of Personality of the Leader <\/span><\/strong><\/h2>\n<p class=\"a______ tm7\"><span class=\"tm8\">The cult of personality surrounding the leader in modern Russia is not worship of a real person, but rather a political technique designed to keep society in a state of constant mobilization and legitimize the re-Stalinization of the state\u2019s course. Putin is not a subject here, but rather a screen onto which the fears, desires, and archaic expectations of the Russian mass consciousness are projected.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"a______ tm7\"><span class=\"tm8\">In the early 2000s, he appeared as a kind of \u201creformer tsar\u201d, a liberal counterpart to Alexander II. Later, he was seen as a reactionary and conservative Alexander III. Then, he was seen as a weak tsar, like Nicholas II (this was especially evident during crises, such as Ukraine\u2019s counteroffensive in Kharkiv region and near Kherson at the end of 2022, during Prigozhin\u2019s coup). And finally, in recent years, a kind of Stalin, symbolizing harshness, militarization, and the expansion of the repressive apparatus.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"a______ tm7\"><span class=\"tm8\">But this evolution of Putin\u2019s image reflects not the development of his personality, but a change in his political functions. Because Putin is not a coherent political entity, but a set of projections. The real Putin is an organizational node, the sum total of agreements within the FSB, the bureaucracy, and the old oligarchy (so far).<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"a______ tm7\"><span class=\"tm8\">At the same time, the cult of personality itself is a tool that allows the regime to push through public consent for re-Stalinization.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"a______ tm7\"><span class=\"tm8\">Russia\u2019s society is guided by two deep-seated, persistent demands.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"a______ tm7\"><span class=\"tm8\">First \u2013 the desire for social justice, understood primarily as the punishment of corrupt officials and the \u201ccorrect\u201d redistribution of wealth.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"a______ tm7\"><span class=\"tm8\">Second \u2013 the imperial reflex of constant territorial expansion, which is perceived as a means of compensating for internal poverty.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"a______ tm7\"><span class=\"tm8\">The cult of Putin is skillfully built into these expectations, positioning him as a mediator between the aspirations of the people and the practice of power.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"a______ tm7\"><span class=\"tm8\">Oleg Tinkov says in the same interview: <\/span><em><span class=\"tm9\">\u201c&#8230; Then they will all die, new ones will come and open it again. There will be a third NEP. It will all be temporary because the Russian people do not want democracy. That is the key thing. They don\u2019t need it. And the problem is not Putin. Putin is a reflection of the people. He is just a good marketer\u2013trend spotter. He just does what people want.\u201d<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n<p class=\"a______ tm7\"><span class=\"tm8\">The myth of Putin replaces the non-existent institutions, non-existent national goals, and non-existent ideology. Therefore, the cult of personality does not express the real greatness of the leader \u2013 this is how it differs from the Stalinist cult. And while Stalin was a highly intelligent man with a phenomenal memory and animal instincts, Putin is the result of thorough collective and institutional calculations.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"a______ tm7\"><span class=\"tm8\">But it is precisely because of this feature that the Putin cult works even more effectively. Its impersonal nature makes it more stable: it easily adapts to circumstances and does not depend on the quality of the individual who embodies it.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"a______ tm7\"><span class=\"tm8\">It is telling that monuments to Stalin and Ivan the Terrible are springing up all over Russia.<\/span><\/p>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify; line-height: 15px;\">\n<li class=\"a______ tm7\"><em><span class=\"tm9\">In April 2025, ahead of the May 9 celebrations, Putin renamed Volgograd\u2019s Airport Stalingrad and suggested that if the people wanted it, the city of Volgograd could also be renamed Stalingrad.<\/span><\/em><\/li>\n<li class=\"a______ tm7\"><em><span class=\"tm9\">On May 15, 2025, the bas-relief \u201cThe People\u2019s Gratitude to the Leader and Commander\u201d depicting Stalin was restored in the Taganskaya station passage.<\/span><\/em><\/li>\n<li class=\"a______ tm7\"><em><span class=\"tm9\">Earlier, on December 16, 2023, the Stalin Center was opened in Barnaul to mark the 145<\/span><sup><span class=\"tm8\">th<\/span><\/sup><span class=\"tm8\"> anniversary of Joseph Stalin\u2019s birth.<\/span><\/em><\/li>\n<li class=\"a______ tm7\"><em><span class=\"tm9\">And to celebrate the 80<\/span><sup><span class=\"tm8\">th<\/span><\/sup><span class=\"tm8\"> anniversary of Victory Day, busts and monuments to Stalin began to be erected throughout Russia.<\/span><\/em><\/li>\n<li class=\"a______ tm7\"><em><span class=\"tm9\">On November 4, 2025, a nine-meter monument to Ivan the Terrible was unveiled in Vologda on the initiative of the same Governor Filimonov.<\/span><\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p class=\"a______ tm7\"><span class=\"tm8\">This is a sublimation of the Putin cult into figures from the past that most accurately correspond to the current demand: cruelty, the illusion of order, territorial expansion, and terror as a means of rule.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"a______ tm7\"><span class=\"tm8\">In fact, it is the impossibility of erecting monuments to Putin during his lifetime. But each new bust of Stalin or Grozny is not a monument to the past. It is a carte blanche for Putin to unleash a new wave of terror.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"a______ tm7\"><span class=\"tm8\">\u201c&#8230;harsher, harsher! And Putin hears the whisper of millions&#8230;\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n<h2 class=\"tm5\"><strong><span class=\"tm6\">6. Militarization of All Spheres of Public Life<\/span><\/strong><\/h2>\n<p class=\"a______ tm7\"><span class=\"tm8\">The militarization of modern Russia is not simply an administrative or ideological process. And it is certainly not a side effect of war.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"a______ tm7\"><span class=\"tm8\">Russia is building a new type of political system, where all public life is subordinated to war. There are three key mechanisms: schools, the cult of the SVO, and the \u201cnew man\u201d project.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"a______ tm7\"><span class=\"tm8\">This is a transformation of the regime into a mobilization autocracy, where the state builds society as a resource for long-term confrontation, including and first of all military confrontation, with the outside world.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"a______ tm7\"><span class=\"tm8\">This transition is described in detail both in current political practice and in the methodological texts of Kremlin ideologues \u2013 most notably in Alexander Kharichev\u2019s article &#8220;Who Are We?\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"a______ tm7\"><span class=\"tm8\">\u201c<\/span><em><span class=\"tm9\">The challenge facing the country is the loss of sovereignty. Any kind of sovereignty \u2013military, territorial, political, cultural. If the SVO had not happened, it could probably be said that Russia would have lost its political sovereignty within a certain period of time, which cannot be said to be very long&#8230; For Russia, the SVO turned out to be a cleansing. I repeat, the loss of sovereignty is the main challenge facing the country; there is no other.\u201d<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n<p class=\"a______ tm7\"><span class=\"tm8\">Back in early 2023, the authors of this work deciphered Russia\u2019s desire for sovereignty and explained why this is the real reason for the war<\/span><em><span class=\"tm9\">: \u201cIn order to achieve \u2018sovereignty\u2019 (read: absolute power) of special services, they are ready to isolate themselves from the West, sever economic and political ties, build a low-tech, closed, and resource-based, but \u2018sovereign\u2019 economy, and nationalize enterprises that were privatized by the oligarchs in their time\u201d.<\/span><\/em><span class=\"tm8\"> These are precisely the processes taking place in the RF, and the war with Ukraine has become the ideal trigger.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"a______ tm7\"><span class=\"tm8\">Kharichev\u2019s logic (and most likely this position has been agreed upon with at least Sergei Kirienko and possibly Patrushev) is that Russia is a \u201ccivilization\u2013besieged fortress\u201d that needs to live in a state of mobilization.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"a______ tm7\"><span class=\"tm8\">In other words, militarization is not a consequence of the so-called SVO, but its true goal!<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"a______ tm7\"><span class=\"tm8\">For the Kremlin, war as a political project is not a result (defeating Ukraine militarily, establishing a certain position on the front line, or signing a peace agreement), but a process!<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"a______ tm7\"><span class=\"tm8\">Accordingly, Kharichev\u2019s attempt to construct the basis for further state ideology and the concept of patriotic education is aimed at justifying an endless war and giving it sacred status.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"a______ tm7\"><span class=\"tm8\">Education is being restructured around the concept of the \u201cnew man of the mobilization era\u201d. The weekly \u201cConversations About Important Things\u201d are no longer optional, but a mandatory element in the formation of the mobilization personality.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"a______ tm7\"><span class=\"tm8\">In this way, the meanings of \u201cbesieged fortress\u201d and \u201cnormality\u201d of war, that is, murder and destruction, are reproduced.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"a______ tm7\"><span class=\"tm8\">This is exacerbated by the glorification of the cult of participants in the so-called SVO \u2013 one of the key mechanisms that organizes society around war.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"a______ tm7\"><span class=\"tm8\">The constant presence of the so-called \u201cSVO heroes\u201d in schools, where they should not be allowed anywhere near, given their past and current convictions and \u201cheroic deeds\u201d on the territory of Ukraine, blurs the boundaries between good and evil, between school (education) and the army (war).<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"a______ tm7\"><span class=\"tm8\">The so-called \u201cheroes\u201d are promoted to MPs, appointed as members of public councils and to other responsible positions. A new type of official is being created.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"a______ tm7\"><span class=\"tm8\">Together with the propaganda to \u201cgive birth to heroes of the SVO\u2019s children\u201d, one of the sub-tasks is visible: the formation of a new anthropological model, about which Kharichev writes directly \u2013 the ability to sacrifice oneself for a \u201cgreat historical project\u201d. <\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"a______ tm7\"><span class=\"tm8\">The economy is also being restructured for military needs, which explains the nationalization of large enterprises.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"a______ tm7\"><span class=\"tm8\">In other words, Russia is rapidly and consciously transforming itself into a mobilization autocracy, where war is becoming not a foreign policy episode, but the basis of the state, economy, society, and identity.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"a______ tm7\"><span class=\"tm8\">Vladimir Pastukhov wrote: <\/span><em><span class=\"tm9\">\u201cEverything is repeating itself: repression, patriotic education, the concept of a besieged fortress, Stalingrad. However, the copy will not work like the original. Everything they are doing is secondary\u201d.<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n<h2 class=\"tm5\"><strong><span class=\"tm6\">7. System with Illusory Beneficiaries<\/span><\/strong><\/h2>\n<p class=\"a______ tm7\"><em><span class=\"tm9\">\u201cComrade Stalin, a terrible mistake has been made!\u201d <\/span><\/em><span class=\"tm8\">This phrase is attributed to both M. Tukhachevsky and N. Yezhov. It was also repeated in desperate letters \u201cto the top\u201d by tens of thousands of arrested loyal supporters of Stalin\u2019s system.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"a______ tm7\"><span class=\"tm8\">The current fanatical adherent of Putinism constantly repeats it when addressing the System. At the end of August 2025, the Russian Ministry of Justice quite unexpectedly added pro-government political scientist and former chief ideologist of \u201cUnited Russia\u201d Sergei Markov to the register of \u201cforeign agents\u201d. <\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"a______ tm7\"><span class=\"tm8\">The Ministry of Justice explained that he had spoken at foreign venues, \u201cspread false information\u201d about the policies and decisions of the Russian authorities, and spread materials from other \u201cforeign agents\u201d. <\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"a______ tm7\"><span class=\"tm8\">In reality, considering Markov as a \u201cforeign agent\u201d is linked to his trip to a forum in Azerbaijan and his positive comments on Aliyev.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"a______ tm7\"><span class=\"tm8\">At the height of the crisis in relations between Moscow and Baku, Markov, who had untimely \u201clit his cigarette from someone else\u2019s fire\u201d, was sacrificed because the moment demanded it. That\u2019s all!<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"a______ tm7\"><span class=\"tm8\">In September 2025, Roman Alekhin, a prominent Z-blogger and former assistant to the governor of Kursk region, was recognized as a foreign agent and subsequently imprisoned.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"a______ tm7\"><span class=\"tm8\">In Alekhin\u2019s case, the alleged basis was a corruption scandal involving the purchase of medicines for the Russian military with money collected by the war correspondent. The same applies to the case of Tatyana Montyan, a fervent propagandist of the \u201cRussian world\u201d and a defector, who was added to the register of extremists.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"a______ tm7\"><span class=\"tm8\">The Telegram channel Nezygar wrote: \u201cFirst, Markov and Alekhin were recognized as foreign agents. Now Montyan has been added to the register of extremists and terrorists. All that remains now is to send one of their closest associates to prison for treason\u201d. <\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"a______ tm7\"><span class=\"tm8\">The Kremlin is thus conveying some important messages:<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"a______ tm7\"><em><span class=\"tm9\">There are no longer any untouchables!<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n<p class=\"a______ tm7\"><span class=\"tm8\">With the start of the so-called SVO, the regions of the RF were given a specific function: to recruit those willing to go to war. Governors and leaders of national republics were supposed to ensure recruitment, and in return they received tacit immunity. But the arrest of the former governor of Kursk region and other high-profile detentions have shown that these guarantees no longer work.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"a______ tm7\"><span class=\"tm8\">The same applies to other officials \u2013 regardless of their involvement in the state-criminal structure and embezzlement within their assigned segments and the performance of certain functions, including corrupt ones, the repressive machine operates regardless of regalia and past merits.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"a______ tm7\"><em><span class=\"tm9\">Punishments are real!<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n<p class=\"a______ tm7\"><span class=\"tm8\">For a long time, there was an unspoken rule in Russia that high-ranking officials, even if they fell out of favor or were caught for corruption, had a few options: resignation, demotion, quiet escape abroad, or simply lying low and \u201ckeeping a low profile\u201d. <\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"a______ tm7\"><span class=\"tm8\">Now this unspoken agreement is also disappearing, and the list of actions which may be considered by Putin\u2019s regime as a threat is only growing.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"a______ tm7\"><em><span class=\"tm9\">The course is irreversible!<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n<p class=\"a______ tm7\"><span class=\"tm8\">The only remaining effective method of control is fear and repression. The system cannot voluntarily give up its only effective tool. And given that it was not the least important heads that rolled, it can no longer do so.<\/span><\/p>\n<h1 class=\"tm5\" style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong><span class=\"tm6\">CONCLUSION<\/span><\/strong><\/h1>\n<p class=\"a______ tm7\" style=\"text-align: justify; padding-left: 40px;\"><strong><em><span class=\"tm8\">Stalinization of the Russian economy and socio-political life is precisely the controlled revolution in Russia that the authors have been writing about since 2022.<\/span><\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p class=\"a______ tm7\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span class=\"tm9\">Like Stalin\u2019s, the modern controlled revolution is also being carried out \u201cfrom above\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"a______ tm7\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span class=\"tm9\">To understand what is happening, it is necessary to view events in Russia from the perspective of the \u201cSmuta\u201d (Troubles \u2013 Transl.) which set in motion all the components of the architecture of power, the economy (including the shadow and even criminal economies), and public life.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"a______ tm7\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span class=\"tm9\">The Russian Times of Troubles have their own periodization and clear parameters: failed reforms, a crisis of power, senseless wars, and further tightening of the screws.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"a______ tm7\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span class=\"tm9\">While in Western European countries, revolutions resulted in the expansion of rights and freedoms, in Russia, the Times of Troubles ended in even greater serfdom and the loss of privileges by the privileged classes.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"a______ tm7\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span class=\"tm9\">The Troubles of the 17<\/span><sup><span class=\"tm9\">th<\/span><\/sup><span class=\"tm9\"> century ended with the Sobornoye Ulozheniye (Conciliar Code) of 1649, which enslaved everyone and subordinated them to the monarch, from serfs to boyars.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"a______ tm7\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span class=\"tm9\">Smuta of the early 20<\/span><sup><span class=\"tm9\">th<\/span><\/sup><span class=\"tm9\"> century ended with Stalin\u2019s revolution and the reversal of all privileges\u2014the People\u2019s Commissar of Internal Affairs had no more privileges than a peasant, but the likelihood of being shot was many times higher.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"a______ tm7\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span class=\"tm9\">Stalin transformed Lenin\u2019s idea into a system where class violence evolved into total control, and the state became a self-sufficient System. The ruling class \u201cdisappeared\u201d in the sense that even the elites were not immune to repression.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"a______ tm7\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span class=\"tm9\">The System itself became the goal. All citizens are \u201ccogs\u201d (as Stalin said), disenfranchised slaves in the GULAG camps, factories, and institutions. The risk of losing property, freedom, or life is equally likely: from a neighbor\u2019s denunciation to a random purge. This is not class violence, but systemic violence, where fear is the main regulator.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"a______ tm7\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span class=\"tm9\">The model of the \u201cwithering away\u201d of classes has led to a paradox: the state has not withered away, but has become hypertrophied.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"a______ tm7\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span class=\"tm9\">At the heart of the modern Russian structure there is a model of mobilization autocracy, where the state regulates everything: the economy, social values, emotions, and private life (including, for example, birth rates).<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"a______ tm7\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span class=\"tm9\">On this foundation, the Stalinist model is being revived: total violence, not directed at a specific class, but distributed among all.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"a______ tm7\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span class=\"tm9\">In \u201cThe Origins of Totalitarianism\u201d, Hannah Arendt compared Stalin\u2019s regime to Nazism: both create an \u201catomized society\u201d where the individual is alone before the System.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"a______ tm7\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span class=\"tm9\">At the same time, the key illusion of Stalinism remains \u2013 the illusion of the beneficiary. Back then, it was the myths of Stakhanov\u2019s achievements; today, it is the confidence of siloviki, officials, propagandists, and clergy that they belong to an untouchable caste. But, as in the 1930s, this confidence is false.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"a______ tm7\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span class=\"tm9\">It is telling that Putin allowed himself to publicly \u201ccut back\u201d even the sacred status of the head of the Russian Orthodox Church, demanding that Patriarch Kirill reduce his activity and distance himself from nationalists. In the new system, there are no untouchables \u2013 privileges exist only as long as they are functional.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"a______ tm7\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span class=\"tm9\">Even within the group that appears to be the main beneficiary \u2013 the FSB \u2013 privileges are situational. The arrest of General Sergei Erofeev, who for many years headed the FSB\u2019s regional offices in Ryazan and Rostov, shows that the FSB\u2019s status as a beneficiary is a temporary construct.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"a______ tm7\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong><em><span class=\"tm8\">As a result, the only real beneficiary is the System itself. It consumes its creators and servants in the same way that Stalin\u2019s regime devoured the party elite, the NKVD, and the army. The System belongs to no one; on the contrary, everyone belongs to it.<\/span><\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p class=\"a______ tm7\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong><em><span class=\"tm8\">This is the true ultimate goal of the managed revolution: the creation of a closed Machine in which the state exists for its own sake, and people are merely a resource for its maintenance.<\/span><\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p class=\"a______ tm7\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong><em><span class=\"tm8\">The key catalyst for this process is war.<\/span><\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p class=\"a______ tm7\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong><em><span class=\"tm8\">While for Stalin the concentration of power was a tool for realizing an external idea \u2013 world domination through world revolution, but in reality world war \u2013 then in Putin\u2019s model it is the opposite: war is a tool, the concentration of power is the goal.<\/span><\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p class=\"a______ tm7\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong><em><span class=\"tm8\">It was the war against Ukraine that made it possible to launch a mobilization autocracy, destroy alternative centers of influence, \u201censlave\u201d society, and form a new totalitarian order.<\/span><\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<h1 class=\"tm5\" style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong><span class=\"tm6\">AS AN EPILOGUE<\/span><\/strong><\/h1>\n<p class=\"a______ tm7\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span class=\"tm9\">On October 10, 2017, Edward Radzinsky spoke at the Federation Council of the RF as part of \u201cexpert time\u201d. <\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"a______ tm7\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span class=\"tm9\">At the end of his speech, he said: <\/span><em><span class=\"tm10\">\u201cBut after every revolution comes a pacifier. In France, it was Napoleon; in England, it was Cromwell. And ours has come. And Russian poets, who are our prophets instead of historians and politicians&#8230;<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n<p class=\"a______ tm7\" style=\"text-align: left; padding-left: 40px;\"><em><span class=\"tm10\">Blok wrote in 1903:<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n<p class=\"a______ tm7\" style=\"text-align: left; padding-left: 80px;\"><em><span class=\"tm10\">&#8211; Is everything calm among the people?<br \/>\n<\/span><\/em><em><span class=\"tm10\">&#8211; No. The emperor has been killed.<br \/>\n<\/span><\/em><em><span class=\"tm10\">Someone is talking about new freedom<br \/>\n<\/span><\/em><em><span class=\"tm10\">In the squares.<br \/>\n<\/span><\/em><em><span class=\"tm10\">(Revolution.)<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n<p class=\"a______ tm7\" style=\"text-align: left; padding-left: 80px;\"><em><span class=\"tm10\">&#8211; Who has been put in power?<br \/>\n<\/span><\/em><em><span class=\"tm10\">&#8211; The people do not want power.<br \/>\n<\/span><\/em><em><span class=\"tm10\">Civil passions slumber:<br \/>\n<\/span><\/em><em><span class=\"tm10\">Someone is heard coming.<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n<p class=\"a______ tm7\" style=\"text-align: left; padding-left: 80px;\"><em><span class=\"tm10\">&#8211; Who is he, the people\u2019s subduer?<\/span><\/em><em><span class=\"tm10\">&#8211; Dark, angry, and fierce:<br \/>\n<\/span><\/em><em><span class=\"tm10\">A monk at the entrance to the monastery<br \/>\n<\/span><\/em><em><span class=\"tm10\">Saw him and went blind.<br \/>\n<\/span><\/em><em><span class=\"tm10\">He drives people like sheep<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n<p class=\"a______ tm7\" style=\"text-align: left; padding-left: 80px;\"><em><span class=\"tm10\">Towards unknown abysses&#8230;<br \/>\n<\/span><\/em><em><span class=\"tm10\">He drives them with an iron rod&#8230;<br \/>\n<\/span><\/em><em><span class=\"tm10\">&#8211; God! Let\u2019s run away from the Court!<br \/>\n<\/span><\/em><em><span class=\"tm10\">We didn\u2019t run away, as you know. Thank you.\u201d<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n<p class=\"a______ tm7\" style=\"text-align: left;\"><span class=\"tm9\">Then, by the way, after the expert\u2019s speech in the Federation Council chamber, there was prolonged applause&#8230;<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"a______ tm7\" style=\"text-align: right;\"><span class=\"tm9\"> <strong><span class=\"tm7\">A. Savarets, V. Shevchenko<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>A. Savarets, V. Shevchenko<\/p>\n<p>Today, the FSB seeks to control everything related to politics, economics, and business<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":8,"featured_media":32454,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_crdt_document":"","ngg_post_thumbnail":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[261,260],"tags":[312,311],"class_list":["post-32467","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-analitika","category-publikacii","tag-spavarec","tag-shevchenko","wp-image-borders"],"translation":{"provider":"WPGlobus","version":"3.0.2","language":"en","enabled_languages":["uk","en","ru","fr","ar"],"languages":{"uk":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":true},"en":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":true},"ru":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":true},"fr":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false},"ar":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false}}},"gutentor_comment":0,"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.3 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>THE MYSTERY OF BLOODY MADNEZZ: Stalinization. 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