{"id":29999,"date":"2025-06-08T18:38:58","date_gmt":"2025-06-08T15:38:58","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/igp.org.ua\/?p=29999"},"modified":"2025-06-10T11:51:01","modified_gmt":"2025-06-10T08:51:01","slug":"kruglij-stil-novi-konturi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/igp.org.ua\/fr\/publikacii\/kruglij-stil-novi-konturi\/","title":{"rendered":"table ronde intitul\u00e9e \u00ab\u00a0Nouveaux contours de la s\u00e9curit\u00e9 europ\u00e9enne\u00a0\u00bb"},"content":{"rendered":"

Le 25 mars dernier, une table ronde intitul\u00e9e \u00ab Nouveaux contours de la s\u00e9curit\u00e9 europ\u00e9enne \u00bb s’est tenue \u00e0 Kiev. Elle a abord\u00e9 la n\u00e9cessit\u00e9 de cr\u00e9er de nouveaux syst\u00e8mes de s\u00e9curit\u00e9 continentaux dans le contexte de la politique \u00e9trang\u00e8re agressive de la Russie et du refus des \u00c9tats-Unis de jouer un r\u00f4le de premier plan \u00e0 l’\u00e9chelle mondiale.<\/h1>\n

Avec le recul, il convient de noter que cette id\u00e9e n’est pas nouvelle en Europe et que plusieurs tentatives ont d\u00e9j\u00e0 \u00e9t\u00e9 men\u00e9es pour la mettre en \u0153uvre. Certes, toutes ont \u00e9chou\u00e9, mais l’agression arm\u00e9e \u00e0 grande \u00e9chelle de la Russie contre l’Ukraine en 2022 a clairement confirm\u00e9 la justesse des partisans de la cr\u00e9ation d’une arm\u00e9e europ\u00e9enne.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>En parcourant les publications th\u00e9matiques des ann\u00e9es pr\u00e9c\u00e9dentes, l’auteur de ces lignes a attir\u00e9 l’attention sur l’article d’Alla Lazareva \u00ab La s\u00e9curit\u00e9 en fran\u00e7ais. Pourquoi le pr\u00e9sident Macron insiste sur le concept d’un syst\u00e8me de s\u00e9curit\u00e9 purement europ\u00e9en \u00bb, publi\u00e9 par Ukrainian Week en octobre 2021.<\/p>\n

L’analyse des \u00e9v\u00e9nements et des d\u00e9clarations d’\u00e9minents experts et responsables politiques de ces ann\u00e9es permet de conclure que leurs id\u00e9es et propositions pour la cr\u00e9ation d’un nouveau syst\u00e8me de s\u00e9curit\u00e9 europ\u00e9en n’ont rien perdu de leur pertinence aujourd’hui, et qu’apr\u00e8s l’invasion massive de l’Ukraine par la F\u00e9d\u00e9ration de Russie, elles ont acquis une importance encore plus grande.<\/p>\n

Voici quelques extraits de l’article d’Alla Lazareva : \u00ab La priorit\u00e9 de la pr\u00e9sidence fran\u00e7aise de l’Union europ\u00e9enne, qui d\u00e9butera en janvier, sera le d\u00e9veloppement du syst\u00e8me de s\u00e9curit\u00e9 europ\u00e9en.\u00bb L’auteure de cet article tire cette conclusion des publications des principaux m\u00e9dias fran\u00e7ais, tout en soulignant que les autres pays membres de l’Union europ\u00e9enne \u00ab ne sont pas press\u00e9s de se joindre \u00e0 l’initiative du dirigeant fran\u00e7ais, Emmanuel Macron \u00bb.<\/p>\n

Alla Lazareva pr\u00e9sente bri\u00e8vement l’essentiel de la proposition fran\u00e7aise.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>\u00ab Paris propose de choisir le d\u00e9tachement arm\u00e9 europ\u00e9en \u00abTakuba<\/em>\u00bb, d\u00e9j\u00e0 op\u00e9rationnel au Sahel et comptant plus de 600 soldats, dont pr\u00e8s de la moiti\u00e9 sont fran\u00e7ais, comme r\u00e9f\u00e9rence pour la relance du syst\u00e8me de s\u00e9curit\u00e9 en Europe. La proposition actuelle pr\u00e9voit la cr\u00e9ation d’une force de r\u00e9action rapide europ\u00e9enne de 5 000 hommes. \u00bb Aujourd’hui, compte tenu de l’exp\u00e9rience de la guerre russo-ukrainienne, il est \u00e9vident que le d\u00e9tachement europ\u00e9en \u00abTakuba<\/em>\u00bb et les 5 000 militaires de la force de r\u00e9action rapide europ\u00e9enne ne sont pas en mesure d’influencer significativement le d\u00e9ploiement actuel des forces sur le continent europ\u00e9en.<\/p>\n

L’action des Russes en Afrique en est une preuve flagrante : ils ont d\u00e9j\u00e0 pratiquement \u00e9vinc\u00e9 les Fran\u00e7ais de tous les pays du continent noir, o\u00f9 ils avaient traditionnellement leurs propres int\u00e9r\u00eats et sph\u00e8res d’influence.<\/p>\n

Un autre homme politique fran\u00e7ais, le secr\u00e9taire d’\u00c9tat aux Affaires europ\u00e9ennes Cl\u00e9ment Beaune, a d\u00e9clar\u00e9 un jour que la cr\u00e9ation d’une arm\u00e9e europ\u00e9enne ne visait pas \u00e0 cr\u00e9er une alternative \u00e0 l’OTAN, mais \u00e0 prot\u00e9ger l’Europe des d\u00e9fis et menaces modernes. On sait qu’\u00e0 l’\u00e9poque, l’initiative fran\u00e7aise n’avait pas trouv\u00e9 le soutien n\u00e9cessaire au sein de l’UE et, aujourd’hui, chacun commence \u00e0 en subir les cons\u00e9quences.<\/p>\n

\u00ab Le secr\u00e9taire g\u00e9n\u00e9ral de l’OTAN, Jens Stoltenberg, s’est \u00e9galement oppos\u00e9 activement \u00e0 la cr\u00e9ation d’un syst\u00e8me de s\u00e9curit\u00e9 europ\u00e9en distinct \u00bb, note Alla Lazareva.<\/p>\n

Elle cite ensuite sa position : \u00ab Je ne crois pas qu’il soit possible de cr\u00e9er quelque chose de viable en dehors de l’OTAN, sans pour autant dupliquer l’Alliance et cr\u00e9er de la concurrence\u2026 La concurrence interne affaiblira l’organisation.\u00bb C’est un commentaire juste, mais tout aussi pertinent est celui de l’auteure de l’article, A. Lazareva. Elle reconna\u00eet que la force de l’OTAN r\u00e9side dans son unit\u00e9, mais se demande : \u00ab Que devraient faire les Europ\u00e9ens si Washington a r\u00e9ellement chang\u00e9 d’orientation et s’est concentr\u00e9 sur sa confrontation avec la Chine ?\u00bb Elle r\u00e9pond ensuite \u00e0 sa propre question : \u00ab Selon la logique des \u00e9v\u00e9nements, ils (les Europ\u00e9ens) devraient assumer davantage de responsabilit\u00e9s pour leur propre s\u00e9curit\u00e9, et les \u00c9tats-Unis, en cons\u00e9quence, acceptent cette nouvelle autonomie de l’Europe.\u00bb<\/p>\n

Aujourd’hui, presque personne ne contestera que cette proposition \u00e9tait parfaitement juste et rationnelle, mais personne n’y a pr\u00eat\u00e9 attention \u00e0 l’\u00e9poque.<\/p>\n

Sachant qu’une guerre russo-ukrainienne brutale et sanglante fait rage depuis quatre ans au c\u0153ur de l’Europe, guerre qui pourrait s’\u00e9tendre \u00e0 d’autres pays de l’UE et de l’OTAN, et que les \u00c9tats-Unis adoptent une position plut\u00f4t passive, il est probablement temps pour les Europ\u00e9ens de prendre soin de leur propre s\u00e9curit\u00e9. Bien s\u00fbr, la question n’est pas simple.<\/p>\n

D’autant plus que, comme le souligne Alla Lazareva, citant Le Monde, \u00ab les pays europ\u00e9ens sont des chats domestiques. Et il ne faut pas s’attendre \u00e0 ce qu’ils se transforment en tigres du Bengale.\u00bb C’est une observation tout \u00e0 fait juste. Mais que feront les \u00ab chats domestiques \u00bb europ\u00e9ens lorsque les \u00ab ours sauvages \u00bb russes viendront chez eux, les armes \u00e0 la main ? Il est \u00e9vident que les chats domestiques ne pourront pas se transformer rapidement en tigres du Bengale, et la logique veut que le meilleur alli\u00e9 des chats domestiques europ\u00e9ens ne soit que le loup ukrainien, qui, dans les circonstances actuelles, peut r\u00e9ellement les prot\u00e9ger des ours sauvages russes.<\/p>\n

Les Ukrainiens devront probablement \u00e0 nouveau se d\u00e9fendre, non seulement eux-m\u00eames, mais aussi toute l’Europe, contre l’invasion d’une horde sauvage. Mais cette fois, nous devons tous tirer les le\u00e7ons de l’histoire et ne pas reproduire les erreurs du pass\u00e9.<\/p>\n

De toute \u00e9vidence, en l’absence de garanties de s\u00e9curit\u00e9 de la part de l’OTAN, l’Europe doit s’appuyer sur ses propres forces arm\u00e9es. Par ailleurs, il convient de noter que la participation la plus active \u00e0 la cr\u00e9ation d’une nouvelle arm\u00e9e europ\u00e9enne devrait revenir aux voisins les plus proches de la Russie, qui sont depuis longtemps une source constante de conflits arm\u00e9s dans la r\u00e9gion des Mer Baltique, Noire et Caspienne.<\/p>\n

Il est difficile de pr\u00e9dire l’\u00e9volution future des \u00e9v\u00e9nements, mais on peut d’ores et d\u00e9j\u00e0 affirmer que l’ancien syst\u00e8me de s\u00e9curit\u00e9 internationale a \u00e9t\u00e9 compl\u00e8tement d\u00e9truit. Dans ce contexte, nous devons tous rechercher de nouvelles m\u00e9thodes et approches pour r\u00e9soudre les probl\u00e8mes de coexistence pacifique des peuples et des nations, non seulement en Europe, mais dans le monde entier.<\/p>\n

Oleg Berezyuk,
\n<\/strong>Institut de Politique Globale<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Oleg Berezyuk<\/p>\n

Le 25 mars dernier, une table ronde intitul\u00e9e \u00ab\u00a0Nouveaux contours de la s\u00e9curit\u00e9 europ\u00e9enne\u00a0\u00bb s’est tenue \u00e0 Kiev. Elle a abord\u00e9 la n\u00e9cessit\u00e9 de cr\u00e9er de nouveaux syst\u00e8mes de s\u00e9curit\u00e9 continentaux dans le contexte de la politique \u00e9trang\u00e8re agressive de la Russie et du refus des \u00c9tats-Unis de jouer un r\u00f4le de premier plan \u00e0 l’\u00e9chelle mondiale<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":8,"featured_media":30000,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_crdt_document":"","ngg_post_thumbnail":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[261,260,264],"tags":[273,288],"class_list":["post-29999","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-analitika","category-publikacii","category-treningi-seminary","tag-berezyuk","tag-kruglij-stil","wp-image-borders"],"translation":{"provider":"WPGlobus","version":"3.0.2","language":"fr","enabled_languages":["uk","en","ru","fr","ar"],"languages":{"uk":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":true},"en":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":true},"ru":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":true},"fr":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":true},"ar":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false}}},"gutentor_comment":0,"yoast_head":"\ntable ronde intitul\u00e9e \u00ab\u00a0Nouveaux contours de la s\u00e9curit\u00e9 europ\u00e9enne\u00a0\u00bb - Global Policy Institute<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/igp.org.ua\/publikacii\/kruglij-stil-novi-konturi\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"table ronde intitul\u00e9e \u00ab\u00a0Nouveaux contours de la s\u00e9curit\u00e9 europ\u00e9enne\u00a0\u00bb - Global Policy Institute\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/igp.org.ua\/publikacii\/kruglij-stil-novi-konturi\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Global Policy Institute\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2025-06-08T15:38:58+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2025-06-10T08:51:01+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/igp.org.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/lazareva.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"300\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"220\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Vladimir\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Vladimir\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"7 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/igp.org.ua\\\/publikacii\\\/kruglij-stil-novi-konturi\\\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/igp.org.ua\\\/publikacii\\\/kruglij-stil-novi-konturi\\\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Vladimir\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/igp.org.ua\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/183f5573a75f3cc0f668a1034203cc5b\"},\"headline\":\"table ronde intitul\u00e9e \u00ab\u00a0Nouveaux contours de la s\u00e9curit\u00e9 europ\u00e9enne\u00a0\u00bb\",\"datePublished\":\"2025-06-08T15:38:58+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2025-06-10T08:51:01+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/igp.org.ua\\\/publikacii\\\/kruglij-stil-novi-konturi\\\/\"},\"wordCount\":3820,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/igp.org.ua\\\/#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/igp.org.ua\\\/publikacii\\\/kruglij-stil-novi-konturi\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/igp.org.ua\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2025\\\/06\\\/lazareva.jpg\",\"keywords\":[\"\u0411\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437\u044e\u043a\",\"\u041a\u0440\u0443\u0433\u043b\u0438\u0439 \u0441\u0442\u0456\u043b\"],\"articleSection\":[\"Analyse\",\"Publications\",\"Formations et s\u00e9minaires\"],\"inLanguage\":\"fr-FR\"},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/igp.org.ua\\\/publikacii\\\/kruglij-stil-novi-konturi\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/igp.org.ua\\\/publikacii\\\/kruglij-stil-novi-konturi\\\/\",\"name\":\"table ronde intitul\u00e9e \u00ab\u00a0Nouveaux contours de la s\u00e9curit\u00e9 europ\u00e9enne\u00a0\u00bb - 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